#include <algorithm>
#include <cctype>
#include <locale>

static inline void ltrim(std::string &s)
{
    s.erase(s.begin(), std::find_if(s.begin(), s.end(), [](int ch) { return !std::isspace(ch); }));
}

static inline void rtrim(std::string &s)
{
    s.erase(std::find_if(s.rbegin(), s.rend(), [](int ch) { return !std::isspace(ch); }).base(), s.end());
}

static inline void trim(std::string &s)
{
    ltrim(s);
    rtrim(s);
}

static inline std::string ltrim_copy(std::string s)
{
    ltrim(s);
    return s;
}

static inline std::string rtrim_copy(std::string s)
{
    rtrim(s);
    return s;
}

static inline std::string trim_copy(std::string s)
{
    trim(s);
    return s;
}

